中国孕期妇女突出的营养问题包括钙、铁、维生素A、叶酸等微量营养素缺乏仍较普遍,而能量、蛋白质等摄入过多导致孕期体重过多增长及妊娠糖尿病发病率和巨大儿出生率趋高。孕期营养应以孕育健康新生儿和成功哺乳为目标,在平衡膳食原则下,根据不同妊娠阶段的营养需要,保障钙、铁、维生素A、叶酸的摄入,在非孕基础上适量增加富含优质蛋白质的鱼禽蛋瘦肉类食物,适当强度(轻或中等)的体力活动,维持体重的适宜增长以及产后成功恢复健康体重。 Outstanding nutritional problems among Chinese women during pregnancy include micronutrient deficiencies such as calcium, iron, vitamin A and folic acid. However, excessive intake of energy and protein leads to excessive weight gain during pregnancy and a high incidence of gestational diabetes and huge child birth . Pregnancy nutrition should be to nurture healthy newborns and successful breastfeeding as the goal, under the principle of balanced diet, according to the nutritional needs of different stages of pregnancy to protect the intake of calcium, iron, vitamin A, folic acid, on a non-pregnant basis to increase the amount of rich Good protein Fish, eggs, lean meat, moderate intensity (light or moderate) physical activity, proper weight maintenance, and successful weight loss after childbirth.