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以G1京哈高速京秦段k250+800-k259中北戴河互通区和路侧边坡的油松、红叶李、高杆金叶榆、连翘、迎春5种植物为研究对象,利用当地气象数据,运用Penman-Monteith公式计算参照作物蒸散量;分别测定土壤剖面含水量、田间持水量和径流量,运用公式计算植物系数,探讨植物的需水量。结果表明:(1)整个生长期,参照作物蒸散量由低到高,再到低,呈单峰型变化,6月达到峰值,为187.9 mm,而10月达到最低值,仅为55.6 mm。(2)5种植物平均植物系数大小排序为红叶李>连翘>高杆金叶榆>迎春>油松,植物需水能力反之。红叶李、连翘、迎春和油松在路侧边坡的植物系数均低于互通区,说明这4种植物对外界土壤含水量有较高的敏感度;高杆金叶榆在2个区域的植物系数无差别,说明敏感度低,对外界土壤含水量的变化适应能力也更强。
Five species of plants, Pinus tabulaeformis, Hongye plum, Sogatella maxima, Forsythia suspensa and Yingchun, in the Jingdean Section of Jing-Qin Section k250 + 800-k259 in the Beijing-Harbin Expressway were used as research objects. Penman-Monteith formula was used to calculate the reference crop evapotranspiration. Soil water content, field water capacity and runoff were measured respectively. The plant coefficient was calculated by using the formula to study the water demand of plants. The results showed that: (1) During the whole growth period, the reference crop evapotranspiration varied from low to high and then to low with a single peak, reaching a peak of 187.9 mm in June and the lowest in October of 55.6 mm. (2) The order of the average plant coefficient of the five species is the order: Hongye Li> Forsythia> Gaoganjinye yu> Yingchun> Pinus tabulaeformis, the water demand of plants is opposite. Phyllostachys pubescens, Forsythia suspense, Spring and Pinus tabulaeformis in the roadside slope of the plant coefficient were lower than the interflow area, indicating that the four plants on the outside soil moisture content has a higher sensitivity; Stems tall leaves in two areas of the plant There is no difference between the coefficients, indicating that the sensitivity is low and the adaptability to changes in the external soil moisture content is also stronger.