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目的通过不同量金黄色葡萄球菌植入兔桡骨,观察影像学及组织学变化,探讨兔桡骨骨髓炎动物模型中金黄色葡萄球菌的合适剂量。方法 35只成年雄性新西兰兔双侧桡骨制造骨窗,注入不同量(1×104~1×109CFU)的金黄色葡萄球菌作为实验组(A~F组),对照组注入0.1m L生理盐水,每组5只。分别于术后当日、术后2周、4周行X线及CT扫描检查。术后4周完成影像学评分后,处死兔取出桡骨完成肉眼观察评分,再作细菌培养、组织病理学检查并完成组织学评分。结果 F组兔因感染过重死亡2只;C、D、E、F组术后4周体重明显减轻,平均减轻量分别为(75.6±24.9)g、(119.0±42.7)g、(184.1±51.7)g、(194.9±63.2)g,体重改变组间无明显差异(P>0.05),切口渗出较多,可见窦道形成。术前术后体重变化、肉眼观察评分、影像学评分和组织学评分LSD法比较,P<0.05。术后4周影像学、肉眼观察及组织学检查D组只可见少量的骨感染表现,而E、F组可见严重的骨感染表现;E组及F组的肉眼观察评分[(2.6±0.2)和(2.8±0.1)]、影像学评分[(17.6±0.3)和(19.4±0.2)]和组织学评分[(7.2±1.1)和(8.4±0.2)]明显高于其他五组(P<0.05);细菌学检查仅D、E、F三组培养出细菌。结论兔桡骨急性骨髓炎动物模型制作的最佳细菌量为1×108CFU,本实验的方法简单易行,适用于建立骨髓炎动物模型。
Objective To observe the radiological and histological changes of different doses of Staphylococcus aureus in rabbit radius to explore the suitable dosage of Staphylococcus aureus in the animal model of rabbit radius osteomyelitis. Methods 35 adult male New Zealand white rabbit rabbits were used to make the rabbits’ bilateral windows, injected with Staphylococcus aureus (1 × 104 ~ 1 × 109 CFU) in experimental group (A ~ F group) and 0.1 ml normal saline 5 per group Respectively on the day after surgery, 2 weeks after surgery, 4 weeks underwent X-ray and CT scan. Four weeks after the completion of the imaging score, the rabbits were sacrificed and the radius was removed to complete the macroscopic observation score. Bacterial culture, histopathological examination and histological score were also performed. Results In group F, 2 rabbits died of severe over-infection. The body weight of the rabbits in group C, D, E and F were significantly reduced at 4 weeks after operation (mean ± SEM), mean reduction was (75.6 ± 24.9) g, (119.0 ± 42.7) g, 51.7) g, (194.9 ± 63.2) g, there was no significant difference between body weight change group (P> 0.05), incision more exudation, showing sinus formation. Preoperative and postoperative weight changes, macroscopic observation score, imaging score and histological score LSD method, P <0.05. At 4 weeks postoperatively, only a small amount of bone infection was observed in group D and in histological examination and severe bone infection was seen in group E and F. Macroscopic observation scores in groups E and F [(2.6 ± 0.2) And (2.8 ± 0.1), respectively, and the scores of imaging (17.6 ± 0.3 and 19.4 ± 0.2) and histological scores (7.2 ± 1.1 and 8.4 ± 0.2 respectively) were significantly higher than those of the other five groups (P < 0.05); bacteriological examination only D, E, F three groups of bacteria cultured. Conclusions The best bacterial quantity of animal model of acute osteomyelitis of rabbit radius is 1 × 108CFU. The method of this experiment is simple and easy to be applied to establish osteomyelitis animal model.