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本文综述Just和Carpenter(1992),McNamara(1997,2004)等为代表的研究和理论,以阐释文本理解个体差异的原因。概括地说,是能量论与知识论的分歧,核心是理解能量有限理论及结构建构理论相对于建构—整合理论及策略知识理论的对立。能量论的观点在早期及心理学研究领域获得较多支持,而最近,尤其是在语言学研究领域,知识论已体现出科学性,并得到广泛认可。
This article reviews studies and theories represented by Just and Carpenter (1992) and McNamara (1997 and 2004) to explain why texts understand individual differences. In a nutshell, it is the disagreement between energy theory and epistemology. The core is to understand the opposition between theory of finite energy and structure theory as opposed to theory of construction-integration and strategy. The viewpoint of energy theory has gained more support in the field of early and psychology, and recently, especially in the field of linguistics, epistemology has been shown to be scientific and widely accepted.