分期问题只是一个工具 ,可以有多种分期方法。中国近代史从 1 840年鸦片战争开始 ,到 1 949年新中国成立 ,综合考虑国内外复杂的矛盾运动 ,着眼于这个运动所导致的客观结果 ,主张以 1 90 1年为界 ,分成前后两期。前后又各分两期 ,共四期。即从 1 840年到1 86 9年 ,以捻军失败后洋务派掌握地方政局为第一期 ,从 1 86 9年到 1 90 1年 ,中体西用论以失败终结 ,列强完成中国的半殖民地化为第二期 ,从 1 90 1年后革命运动全面展开到1 92 7年国民党执政为第三期 ,从 1 92 7年土地革命开始到 1 949年新中国成立为第四期 Staging is just a tool, there are a variety of staging methods. From the beginning of the Opium War of 1840 to the founding of New China in 1949, China’s modern history has taken into account the complicated contradictions both at home and abroad. With a view to objective results resulting from this campaign, period. Before and after the two phases, a total of four. From 1840 to 1889, after the defeat of the Nien army, the Westernization Bureau took over the local political situation as the first phase. From 1986 to 1990, the Central Plains Theory ended in failure and the powers completed China The semi-colonies were turned into the second phase, starting from the full implementation of the revolutionary movement in 1990 to the third phase of the KMT’s ruling in 1927, from the land revolution in 1927 to the establishment of the new China in 1949 as the fourth phase