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近十余年来放射治疗发展迅速,使肿瘤疗效有了一定的提高。然而,放射后出现的并发症或后遗症亦不断发生。本文根据近年来国外有关头颈肿瘤放疗后并发症研究近况综述如下: 放射性脑脊髓病常发生于鼻咽癌、舌癌、喉癌、颅内肿瘤等患者。脑软化或脑坏死特征是放疗后经过一定潜伏期(1月至19年)而出现精神障碍,如记忆力减退、精神错乱或进行性视力减退/颅内占位性病变体征。脊髓软化或脊髓炎特征是经过一定的潜伏期(1～2年)而出现神经系统症状,如低头四肢触电感或四肢麻木无力等,且血红蛋白增高,有人认为这是脊髓炎与软化的早期讯号,并认为与脊髓腔氧张力减低致保护脊髓能力下降有关。本病的发病机制经多家
The rapid development of radiation therapy in the past ten years has improved the curative effect of cancer. However, complications or sequelae that occur after radiation continue to occur. In this article, according to recent studies on complications after radiotherapy for head and neck neoplasms, the current situation is summarized as follows: Radiation-encephalomyelitis often occurs in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, tongue cancer, laryngeal cancer, and intracranial tumors. Cerebral softening or brain necrosis is characterized by mental disorders such as memory loss, mental confusion, or progressive vision loss/signs of intracranial space-occupying lesions after a certain incubation period (January to 19) after radiotherapy. Symptoms of spinal cord softening or myelitis are neurological symptoms such as lower limbs and numbness of the limbs after a certain incubation period (1 to 2 years), and an increase in hemoglobin. Some people think this is an early sign of myelitis and softening. It is believed that the decrease of oxygen tension in the spinal cord is associated with decreased ability to protect the spinal cord. The pathogenesis of the disease