本文通过实证分析指出 ,虽然从静态上来看我国东西方向上的差距远远大于南北之间的差距 ,但改革开放以来中国经济重心的主要变动方向由高纬度指向低纬度 ,表明区域经济差距扩大的矛盾主要表现在南北方向上。其成因主要在于所有制结构的变化尤其是非国有经济的发展、区域产业结构、固定资产投资、市场发育和成熟程度等方面促成了南方经济的发展速度明显快于北方。为了缩小区域差距、促进各地区的协调发展 ,政府应该通过适当的区域政策 ,更主要借助于市场的力量 ,引导生产要素的合理流动 This paper points out that although the gap between east and west is much larger than the gap between north and south from the static point of view, the main change direction of China’s economic center of gravity since the reform and opening up is from high latitudes to low latitudes, indicating that the regional economic gap is widening Contradictions are mainly manifested in the north and south direction. The main causes are the changes in the ownership structure, especially the development of non-state-owned economy, the development of the regional industrial structure, investment in fixed assets, market development and maturity, which have contributed significantly to the development of the economy in the south more rapidly than in the north. In order to narrow the regional disparity and promote the coordinated development of all regions, the government should guide the rational flow of factors of production through appropriate regional policies and more mainly by market forces