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以线辣椒“红安8号”为试验材料,设置3个水分梯度,分别为当地浇水量的100%(W1)、当地浇水量的80%(W2)、当地浇水量的60%(W3),采用膜下滴灌种植技术,随机区组设计,重复2年进行,研究了水分胁迫对线辣椒光合特性的影响,以揭示耐旱性与光合特性之间的关系,为新疆当地线辣椒滴灌栽培技术提供参考依据。结果表明:在W2处理下,净光合积累量、光饱和点、羧化效率(CE)、表观光合量子效率(Φ)、CO2饱和点、PSⅡ光化学量子效率(ΦPSⅡ)以及光化学猝灭系数(qP)都高于其它处理,并且光补偿点、CO2补偿点以及非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)显著低于其它2个处理。此外,线辣椒的细胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(E)和净光合速率(Pn)随着生育期和浇水量的不同也不断发生变化。试验表明,浇水量过多过少都会对线辣椒的光合过程造成不利影响,在线辣椒栽培过程中应该对浇水量进行适度控制。
Taking the hot pepper “Hongan 8” as the experimental material, three water gradients were set up, which were respectively the local watering amount of 100% (W1), the local watering amount of 80% (W2), the local watering amount 60% (W3). The effects of water stress on the photosynthetic characteristics of peppers were studied by using the technology of drip irrigation under mulch. Randomized block design was carried out for 2 years. The relationship between drought tolerance and photosynthetic characteristics was revealed. Local wire pepper drip cultivation techniques provide a reference. The results showed that net photosynthetic accumulation, light saturation point, carboxylation efficiency (CE), apparent photosynthetic quantum yield (Φ), CO2 saturation point, PSⅡ photochemical quantum efficiency (ΦPSⅡ) and photochemical quenching coefficient qP) were higher than other treatments, and the light compensation point, CO2 compensation point and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) were significantly lower than the other two treatments. In addition, the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (E) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of line pepper also changed continuously with the growth period and watering amount. Experiments show that too little watering will adversely affect the photosynthetic process of the peppers, and the amount of watering should be moderately controlled during the online pepper cultivation.