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[目的]了解济宁市农村学龄儿童地方性氟中毒患病现状,为制定防病对策提供科学依据。[方法]在饮水含氟量超过我国生活饮用水卫生标准水氟限值的嘉祥县、金乡县各抽取1所乡镇中心小学,对五、六年级在校学生进行调查。[结果]调查486名,氟斑牙阳性率为52.06%,氟斑牙指数为1.02。氟斑牙阳性率嘉祥县、金乡县分别为62.74%、43.80%(P<0.01)。男性、女性分别为54.58%、49.36%(P>0.05)。检测97名儿童,尿氟值(几何均值±标准差)为(0.93±0.77)mg/L,超过8～12岁儿童尿氟均值的占46.39%。尿氟值嘉祥县37人为(0.97±0.48)mg/L,金乡县60人为(0.91±0.90)mg/L(P>0.05)。[结论]济宁市两县农村学龄儿童氟斑牙阳性率较高,地方性氟中毒病情尚未有效控制。
[Objective] To understand the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in rural school-age children in Jining and to provide a scientific basis for the development of disease prevention measures. [Method] In Jiaxiang County and Jinxiang County, each town center primary school was selected in the drinking water whose fluorine content exceeded the water fluoride limit of drinking water health standard in our country. The students in grades 5 and 6 were investigated. [Results] 486 were investigated, the positive rate of dental fluorosis was 52.06% and the dental fluorosis index was 1.02. The positive rates of dental fluorosis in Jiaxiang County and Jinxiang County were 62.74% and 43.80% respectively (P <0.01). Male and female were 54.58% and 49.36% respectively (P> 0.05). The detection of 97 children was (0.93 ± 0.77) mg / L for urinary fluoride (geometric mean ± standard deviation), 46.39% for children over 8-12 years old. There were 37 urinary fluoride (0.97 ± 0.48) mg / L in Jiaxiang County and 0.91 ± 0.90 mg / L in Jinxiang County (P> 0.05). [Conclusion] The positive rate of dental fluorosis in rural school-age children in two counties of Jining is high, and the endemic fluorosis has not been effectively controlled.