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窒息性气体是导致人体缺氧而窒息的气体。窒息性气体中毒病情发展迅猛,死亡率高,且具有群发性。硫化氢(H2S)、一氧化碳(CO)和二氧化碳(CO2)是导致窒息性气体重大急性职业中毒的主要因素。急性窒息性气体中毒的毒性机制包括单纯性氧供给不足、发生特异性化学反应导致组织细胞缺氧、自由基损伤机制、发生急性反应性喉痉挛、反应性延髓呼吸中枢麻痹。急性窒息性气体中毒的临床表现主要是组织器官缺氧症状,并且首要表现为中枢神经系统缺氧的症状。尽早合理氧疗是治疗急性窒息性气体中毒的首要措施,同时视病情给予自由基清除剂及抗感染、镇静、解痉、营养心肌、促进脑细胞代谢等综合治疗,并且要重视急性期过后的损伤。
Asphyxiating gas is the gas that causes the body to be suffocated by lack of oxygen. Asphyxiating gas poisoning develops rapidly and has a high mortality rate with a high incidence of mass. Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) are the major contributors to major acute occupational poisoning of asphyxiating gases. Acute asphyxia gas toxicity toxicity mechanisms include simple oxygen supply, the occurrence of specific chemical reactions lead to hypoxia, free radical damage mechanism, acute reactive laryngospasm, reactive medullary respiratory paralysis. The clinical manifestations of acute asphyxia gas poisoning is mainly the symptoms of tissue and organ hypoxia, and the first manifestation of the central nervous system hypoxia symptoms. As soon as possible reasonable oxygen therapy is the first measure for the treatment of acute asphyxia gas poisoning, at the same time depending on the condition given free radical scavenger and anti-infective, sedation, antispasmodic, nutritional myocardium, promote brain cell metabolism and other comprehensive treatment, and should pay attention to acute after damage.