1例8岁女性患儿因脑干肿瘤切除术后颅内感染应用美罗培南13 d，感染控制不佳，加用替考拉宁5 d，体温恢复正常。2 d后，患者再次发热（体温最高达39.3 ℃），上半身皮肤发红伴瘙痒，躯干及四肢皮肤散在片状红色斑丘疹；血常规检查示白细胞计数1.07×10n 9/L，中性粒细胞0.03，中性粒细胞计数0.03×10n 9/L。考虑患者存在替考拉宁所致红人综合征、粒细胞减少。停用替考拉宁并给予对症治疗5 d，患者症状无改善。后停用美罗培南2 d，患者症状仍无改善。因仍存在感染，复用美罗培南并给予甲泼尼龙，患者不良反应症状逐渐改善至完全消退中性粒细胞恢复正常。停用甲泼尼龙继续应用美罗培南7 d，上述症状未再发生。n “,”An 8-year-old female patient received meropenem for intracranial infection after brainstem tumor resection for 13 days, but the infection was poorly controlled. Teicolanine was added and the fever was relieved 5 days later. After 2 days of the relief, the patient regained fever (body temperature was up to 39.3 ℃), her upper body skin was red with itching, and the skin on the trunk and limbs was scattered with flaky red maculopapular rashes. Routine blood examination showed white blood cell count 1.07×10n 9/L, neutrophils 0.03, and neutrophils count 0.03×10n 9/L. Red man syndrome and neutropenia in the patient was considered. Teicolanine was discontinued and symptomatic treatments were given for 5 days. Her symptoms were not improved. Then meropenem was discontinued for 2 days but her symptoms were also not improved. Due to the infection, meropenem was re-given and methylprednisolone was added. The symptoms of adverse reactions were gradually improved and finally subsided completely and neutropils returned to normal. Then methylprednisolone was stopped. Meropenem was continued for 7 days and the symptoms above did not recur.n