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目的分析航空兵某部飞行人员各种伤病的初诊规律和特点，为该部飞行员的疾病预防工作提供依据。方法回顾统计１９８５～１９９６年１２年间航空兵某部６３５名飞行人员的伤病初诊资料，按伤病种类和初诊时间进行分析，排列出多发伤病的序位。结果初诊伤病计有３９种。内科病居首位，其次为外科病、耳鼻咽喉科病、神经科病。居前三位的疾病是上呼吸道感染、外伤和胃肠疾病，它们的患病率分别为２６．０％、１０．９％和８．３％。外伤居外科病的首位，主要为运动损伤，由于准备活动不足造成。１２年中传染病患病率呈下降趋势，但肝炎仍在传染病中占主要地位。晕厥前状态、头痛、屈光不正患病率呈上升趋势。结论根据该部队初诊伤病的规律，提出了４条预防和降低患病率的措施：①掌握地区流行病特点，加强季节性疾病的预防措施；②密切与场站卫生队配合，开展预防与在队矫治；③加强体育锻炼的科学指导，防止运动外伤；④加强对飞行员的卫生教育和自我保健知识的教育，严格执行作息制度，提高飞行员健康水平。
Objective To analyze the first visit regularity and characteristics of various injuries of a certain pilots in the aviation department and provide basis for disease prevention work of pilots in this department. Methods The data of 635 pilots in a certain aviation department from 1985 to 1996 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the type of injury and the time of initial diagnosis, the order of multiple injuries was arranged. Results There were 39 kinds of newly diagnosed injuries. Medical disease ranks first, followed by surgical diseases, otolaryngology, neurological diseases. The top three diseases were upper respiratory infections, trauma and gastrointestinal diseases, with prevalences of 26.0%, 10.9% and 8.3%, respectively. Habitat surgical diseases in the first place, mainly for sports injuries, due to lack of preparation activities. The prevalence of infectious diseases is declining in 12 years, but hepatitis is still predominant in infectious diseases. Pre-syncope state, headache, refractive error prevalence is on the rise. Conclusions According to the law of the first visit of the unit, four measures were put forward to prevent and reduce the prevalence: (1) Grasp the epidemic characteristics of the area and strengthen the preventive measures against seasonal diseases; (2) Closely cooperate with the station health team to carry out prevention and In the team orthodontic treatment; ③ strengthen the scientific guidance of physical exercise to prevent sports injuries; ④ strengthen pilots’ health education and self-care knowledge education, strict implementation of rest schedule, improve the pilot’s health level.