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语气副词“一(壹)”在上古汉语中可以表示程度超出说话者的预期。文章考察分析后认为,这种功能的“一(壹)”搭配表程度义的谓语,其所在的句子负载感叹语气,不出现于对比语境。这些共时分布特征是反推“一(壹)”的来源和语法化轨迹的重要依据。“一(壹)”的意义经历了“一(个)>一(类)>同样>一概>完全>肯定>竟然”的变化过程。在这一过程中,“一(壹)”的客观数量义淡化,主观性增强。
The modal adverb “one (One) ” can be used in ancient Chinese to describe beyond the speaker’s expectation. After the investigation and analysis of the article, it is considered that the “ (one) ” of this function matches the predicate of the degree of the table, and the sentence in which it is loaded laments the sentiment and does not appear in the comparative context. These synchronic distribution features are the important basis for the source and grammaticalization of the inverse “one”. The meaning of “one” has undergone the process of changing “one (one)> one (kind)> same> all> completely> sure> even”. In this process, the objective quantity of “one ” is diminished and the subjectivity is enhanced.