草原生态具有整体性,是人—畜—草组成的三位一体。笔者以不常被从社会科学角度分析的畜种改良为切入点,通过回顾内蒙古锡林浩特B国营牧场六十年畜种改良史,讨论了一系列看似难解的问题:锡林郭勒草原上的畜种为何总是改而不良?为何牧民一旦有了自主权就选择土种牛羊?为何畜改总能得到当地政府的资金支持、政策配套的扶持?笔者通过分析畜改、科学及权利三者的博弈关系,试图为读者理解今日内蒙古草原面临的生态与文化困境的根源所在提供一种牧民本位的观点和思路。 Grassland ecology has the integrity, is a human - livestock - grass trinity. Based on a review of past sixty years’ improvement history of livestock farms in Xilinhot B, Inner Mongolia, the author discusses a series of seemingly intractable problems with livestock breeds that are not often analyzed from the perspective of the social sciences: breeds on Xilin Gol Grassland Why always change the bad? Why herdsmen once the autonomy on the choice of soil and animal husbandry? Why livestock reform always get the financial support of the local government, supporting the support of the policy? The author through the analysis of livestock, science and rights of the three Game relationship, try to understand for the reader that the root causes of the ecological and cultural predicament facing Inner Mongolia grasslands today provide a herd perspective and ideas.