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一、关于通货膨胀与物价上涨关系的几种观点通货膨胀(inflation)是纸币流通条件下的特有现象。目前经济学界常引用的关于通货膨胀的定义,通常是:“通货膨胀是流通中的货币量超过经济增长所需要的货币量,从而导致价格总水平持续上涨的经济现象。”在对通货膨胀的度量方法上,世界各国也主要采取社会零售物价指数、批发物价指数及国民生产总值折算价格指数等方式进行计量。似乎通货膨胀与物价上涨之间存在着某种必然的联系。在日常生活中,人们也习惯于通过物价上涨率这个感受得到的量去测度通货膨胀,因而在一些人的思维定势中,往往把物价上涨与通货膨胀划上等号,把物价上涨率等同于通货膨胀率。
I. Several Views on the Relationship between Inflation and Price Rising Inflation is a unique phenomenon under the circulation of paper currency. The current definition of inflation, which is often cited by economics circles, is usually: “Inflation is the economic phenomenon in which the amount of money in circulation exceeds the amount of money needed for economic growth, resulting in a continuous increase in the overall price level.” In terms of inflation measures, countries around the world have also adopted measures such as the social retail price index, the wholesale price index, and the GNP discounted price index. It seems that there is an inevitable link between inflation and price increases. In daily life, people are also accustomed to measuring inflation through the rate of increase in the rate of price increase. Therefore, in some people’s thinking, prices are often equated with inflation, and the price increase rate is equivalent to Inflation rate.