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新疆奇台拟建的110m全可动射电望远镜(QiTai Radio Telescope,QTT),在引力波探测、黑洞发现、恒星形成、星系起源等基础科学研究领域将发挥重要作用,并可发展应用于深空探测,如探月工程与火星和金星探测.满足众多科学需求需装备超宽带、多波束、高灵敏度接收机系统,而大口径射电望远镜接收机技术面临众多挑战.本文论述了国内外射电天文领域大口径射电望远镜接收机技术发展,包含超宽带馈源/极化器、超宽带低噪声放大器、多波束接收机技术的发展与现状,分析了接收机研制过程中的难点与挑战.基于QTT科学目标和技术进展,给出了初期的接收机系统配置方案,分析了接收机的馈电形式、关键器件研制与选型、关键问题与难点.
QiTai Radio Telescope (QTT) proposed by QiTai of Xinjiang will play an important role in basic scientific research such as gravitational wave detection, black hole discovery, star formation and galactic origin, and can be developed and applied to deep space Detection, such as lunar exploration project and Mars and Venus exploration.Many scientific needs to be equipped with ultra-wideband, multi-beam, high sensitivity receiver system, and large-aperture radio telescope receiver technology is facing many challenges.This paper discusses the field of radio astronomy at home and abroad The development of large-aperture radio telescope receiver technology, including the development and status quo of ultra wideband feed / polarizer, ultra-wideband low noise amplifier and multi-beam receiver technology, and the difficulties and challenges in the development of receiver are analyzed.According to QTT Science Objectives and technical progress, the initial receiver system configuration scheme is given, and the feed form of the receiver, the development and selection of key devices, the key issues and difficulties are analyzed.