论文部分内容阅读
以玉米品种先玉335、丹玉336、郑单958和迪卡516为试验材料,采用3种密度、3次重复的试验设计,研究茎秆质量性状、农艺性状、病虫害发生与倒伏的关系。相关分析结果表明:植株倒伏率与穗位、重心高度、茎腐病、玉米螟虫发生和种植密度呈极显著正相关;与株高、节间长度和纹枯病发生呈显著正相关;与茎秆拉力、穿刺强度、折断强度和茎粗呈极显著负相关;与压碎强度和气生根层数呈显著负相关。茎秆质量性状可作为玉米倒伏的直接评价指标,穗位、重心高度和种植密度可作为玉米倒伏的间接评价指标。通径分析结果表明:密度、重心高度、茎粗和茎秆拉力4个性状对倒伏性起主要作用,密度指标对倒伏性的直接通径系数最大,达到0.8366,重心高度的直接通径系数为0.5490,茎粗和茎秆拉力的直接通径系数也很大。
The maize varieties Xian Yu 335, Dan Yu 336, Zheng Dan 958 and Dika 516 were used as experimental material to study the relationship between the quality traits and agronomic traits of stems and the occurrence of pests and diseases under three kinds of density and three replicates. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the plant lodging rate and plant height, internode length and sheath blight incidence. The correlation between plant lodging rate and ear position, center of gravity, stalk rot, corn stalk borer and planting density was significantly and positively correlated. There was a significant negative correlation between stalk tensile force, puncture strength, breaking strength and stem diameter, negatively correlated with crush strength and root number of aerial roots. The quality traits of stalks can be used as direct evaluation index of maize lodging. Ear position, center of gravity height and planting density can be used as indirect evaluation indexes of maize lodging. The results of path analysis showed that the four characters of density, center of gravity, stem diameter and stem tension played the main role in lodging. The direct coefficient of density index to lodging coefficient reached the maximum of 0.8366 and the direct path coefficient of center of gravity was 0.5490, stem diameter and stalk tension direct path coefficient is also great.