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目的了解上海市长宁区小学生体质量超标、肥胖状况及其影响因素,为采取有效干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,从长宁区28所小学中抽取3所,被选中学校所有学生作为体格检查对象,描述小学生体质量超标肥胖现况。对250名体质量超标/肥胖学生和300名体质量正常学生进行病例对照研究,运用logistic回归分析长宁区小学生体质量超标、肥胖的影响因素。结果男生体质量超标检出率和肥胖检出率分别为19.80%和18.63%,女生体质量超标检出率和肥胖检出率分别为11.67%和8.91%。男生的体质量超标/肥胖检出率高于女生且差异有统计学意义(χ2=50.931,P<0.01)。双亲之一肥胖、进食速度快或一般、经常吃油炸食品、每天在家学习时间>2 h可能是体质量超标、肥胖的危险因素,愿意参加运动、每天睡眠时间为8~10 h可能是体质量超标、肥胖的保护因素。结论长宁区小学生体质量超标、肥胖检出率较高,且受多种因素影响,有必要加强对小学生体质量超标/肥胖的干预。
Objective To understand the overweight and obesity status of pupils in Changning District of Shanghai and their influential factors, and to provide basis for effective interventions. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select three schools from 28 primary schools in Changning District. All the students in the selected schools were used as physical examination objects to describe the status of overweight obesity among primary school students. A case-control study was conducted on 250 overweight / obese students and 300 healthy students with normal body weight. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of overweight and obesity among overweight schoolchildren in Changning District. Results The detection rate of overweight and obesity in boys was 19.80% and 18.63% respectively. The detection rate of overweight and obesity in girls was 11.67% and 8.91% respectively. The prevalence of overweight / obesity in boys was higher than that in girls and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 50.931, P <0.01). One of the parents is obese, eating fast or in general, often eating fried foods, studying at home every day> 2 h may be overweight body weight, risk factors for obesity, willing to participate in sports, sleep every day for 8 ~ 10 h may be body Exceeded quality, obesity protection factor. Conclusion Primary school students in Changning District have overweight and obesity rates, and are affected by many factors. It is necessary to strengthen the intervention of overweight / obesity schoolchildren.