1.横压试验的发展及存在问题横压试验是利用横压器在钻孔内横向加荷,使孔壁土层相应变形直到土体破坏,借以推求土的变形和强度特征参数。早在1933年,德国寇克勒(Kogler)曾首先提出了横压装置(Seiten Druck Apparate),这第一代仪器主要是用手压气筒向孔壁土层施加气压,并通过气体流量来推测土层径向变形。显然,这样量测的变形极为粗糙,故始终未见实效。直至四十 1. Development and Problems of Lateral Pressure Tests Lateral pressure tests use horizontal pressure vessels to laterally load the boreholes to deform the borehole soil layers until the soils are destroyed, so as to derive the deformation and strength characteristic parameters of the soil. As early as 1933, Germany’s Kogler first proposed a lateral pressure device (Seiten Druck Apparate). This first-generation instrument is mainly used to apply air pressure to the soil on the wall of the hole by hand, and to infer soil through gas flow. Radial deformation of the layer. Obviously, the deformations measured in this way are extremely rough, so they have never been effective. Until forty