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目的了解目前云南省疟疾流行和防治情况。方法采用全国疟疾监测方案在云南省选择5个点,开展疟疾监测。结果瑞丽等5个疟疾高发县市的年疟疾发病率为34.94,用抗疟药使用量推算的疟疾发病率为314.46,疫情漏报率为88.99%。中华按蚊叮人率为3.20只/人.夜,微小按蚊叮人率为2.00只/人.夜。当地村民蚊帐使用率57.28%。实验室诊断疟疾占总病例数的53.43%,乡村医生诊治的疟疾病例占总例数的61.70%,当地疟疾病人17.61%为境外感染,26.57%为复发病例。结论云南疟疾流行态势依然严峻,境外输入疟疾对边境地区的防治工作造成一定的困难。村医生担负着61.70%的疟疾病人诊断和治疗任务,但各级CDC提供疟疾防治方面的培训和治疗药物的供给等主要还是在乡镇级以上医疗机构。为了更好地防控疟疾,应该选择适合云南流行特点的防治措施,将防治的重点进一步放到村级及流动人员出入境频繁的边境地区。
Objective To understand the prevalence and control of malaria in Yunnan Province. Methods The national malaria surveillance program was used to select 5 spots in Yunnan Province to carry out malaria surveillance. Results The incidence of malaria in 5 malaria-endemic counties and cities, including Ruili, was 34.94. The incidence of malaria estimated using the amount of anti-malaria drug was 314.46, and the false negative rate was 88.99%. Anopheles sinensis bite rate was 3.20 / person. Night, the small anopheles bite rate was 2.00 / person. Night. The local villagers mosquito net utilization rate of 57.28%. Laboratory diagnosis of malaria accounted for 53.43% of the total number of cases, malaria cases diagnosed and treated by rural doctors accounted for 61.70% of the total number of cases, 17.61% of local malaria cases were infected overseas, and 26.57% were recurrent cases. Conclusion The epidemic situation of malaria in Yunnan is still grim. Entering malaria abroad caused some difficulties in the prevention and control of the border areas. The village doctor is responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of 61.70% of malaria patients. However, CDCs at all levels provide training on malaria control and supply of therapeutic drugs, mainly at the township level and above. In order to better prevent and control malaria, prevention and control measures that are suitable for the epidemic of Yunnan should be selected, and the prevention and control points should be further placed on border areas where entry and exit of village-level and migrant workers are frequent.