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在货物列车制动系统充风过程中,列车管空气流量的变化可分为节流充风、稳态充风和漏泄补风(充满风)3个阶段。基于流体力学的理论,利用高精度气体流量计构成的数据采集系统,测量货物列车不同编组辆数、不同减压量条件下充风时列车管空气流量的变化过程。结果表明:根据机车上检测到的列车管空气流量可以准确判断出折角塞门的关闭位置,而依据列车管空气压力变化和充风时间则很难做到这一点;由于各车连接的制动软管的空气漏泄量各不相同,且空气漏泄流量又非常小,因此很难根据空气漏泄流量检测并判断列车的编组辆数。建议在机车上广泛安装使用由气体流量计构成的列车管空气流量智能检测装置。
During the process of filling the cargo train braking system, the change of train air flow can be divided into three stages: throttled-air-filling, steady-state charging and leaking-back filling (full of wind). Based on the theory of fluid mechanics, a data acquisition system composed of a high-precision gas flowmeter was used to measure the process of changing the air flow of the train tube when the cargo train was grouped into different numbers and under different pressure reduction conditions. The results show that according to the detected train air flow on the locomotive, the closing position of the cockpit door can be accurately judged. However, it is very difficult to do this according to the change of the air pressure of the train pipe and the charging time. Hoses have different amounts of air leakage and air leaks are very small, making it difficult to detect and determine the number of train cars on the air leak. It is advisable to widely install and use the intelligent detection device for the air volume of the train tube formed by the gas flowmeter on the locomotive.