在对近 4 0a来关于饱和砂土液化的研究工作调研的基础上 ,就垂向荷载作用下饱和砂土液化问题 ,进行了一维应变分析 ,得到了垂向荷载作用下 ,饱和砂土液化的发展过程以及砂土液化区域的扩展过程这两方面的特性。首先 ,在固结仪上对往复荷载作用下有侧限的饱和砂土的本构关系进行了系列实验。实验材料包括松散细砂、密实细砂、松散粗砂 (分别代表不同密实度和不同颗粒粒径构成的砂土 )。实验过程中 ,加卸载路径有等幅的情况 ,也有任意的情况。根据实验数据给出了用双曲线表述的应力 应变关系。这种形式的表述 ,既避免了用切线模量形式表述的困难 ,又解决了用对数形式表述的不能用于有效应力接近于零的问题 ;而且形式简单 ,又便于应用。接着 ,考虑到砂土液化是孔隙水和骨架相互作用的结果 ,将饱和砂土作为固液两相连续介质 ,建立了垂向荷载作用时饱和砂土的一维应变动力学模型。该模型考虑了孔隙率的变化 ,将骨架作为弹塑性材料 ,且将渗透率与孔隙率的变化相联系 ,使其与实际情况尽可能符合 ;同时考虑在一般振动条件下的压力范围内 ,可以忽略颗粒和孔隙水的压缩性 ,使模型更简洁。然后 ,在上述本构及动力学模型的基础上 ,对饱和砂土的变形和液化发展进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明 ,垂向振动对饱和砂土的液 Based on the investigation of the research on liquefaction of saturated sandy soil in the past 40 years, the one-dimensional strain analysis was carried out on the problem of liquefaction of saturated sandy soil under vertical load. Under the action of vertical load, the liquefaction of saturated sandy soil The development of sand and liquefaction of the region’s expansion process of these two aspects of the characteristics. First of all, a series of experiments on the constitutive relation of confined saturated sand with reciprocating loading were carried out on the consolidation instrument. Experimental materials include loose sand, dense sand, loose grit (representing sand with different densities and particle sizes, respectively). During the experiment, the loading and unloading paths have the same amplitude and other situations. According to the experimental data, the hyperbolic stress-strain relationship is given. This form of expression not only avoids the difficulty expressed in the form of tangent modulus, but also solves the problem that the expression in logarithmic form can not be used for effective stress to be close to zero; and the form is simple and convenient to apply. Then, taking into account that the sand liquefaction is the result of the interaction between pore water and the framework, the saturated sand is considered as a two-phase solid-liquid medium, and a one-dimensional strain dynamics model of saturated sands under vertical load is established. The model takes into account changes in porosity, using the skeleton as an elasto-plastic material, and correlating the permeability with the change in porosity to make it as realistic as possible; taking into account the pressure range under normal vibratory conditions, Neglecting the compressibility of particles and pore water makes the model more compact. Then, based on the above constitutive and kinetic models, the numerical simulation of the deformation and liquefaction of saturated sands is carried out. The simulation results show that the vertical vibration of the saturated sand liquid