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1、前言工件的形状误差主要反映机床各部件的几何误差,即主轴的回转误差、移动式工作台等的直线运动误差、轴的位置误差以及基准面误差等。拖板对主轴方向的平行度以工件圆柱度的形式出现,并在工件的形状误差中占有相当大的比例1)。机床主轴的回转误差由组成回转机构的零件、主轴的形状及装配等误差所引起,并影响工件的圆度等圆柱形误差。主轴的回转误差与工件形状的关系可以参阅和工件表面粗糙度关系的报告,但是,研究其和工
1, Foreword The shape error of the workpiece mainly reflects the geometric errors of each part of the machine tool, such as the rotation error of the spindle, the linear motion error of the movable table, the position error of the axis and the error of the reference plane. The parallelism of the carriage to the main axis appears in the form of the cylindrical shape of the workpiece and occupies a considerable proportion of the shape error of the workpiece. The turning error of the spindle of the machine is caused by the errors of the parts, the shape of the main shaft and the assembly which make up the rotating mechanism, and affect the cylindrical error such as the roundness of the workpiece. The relationship between the rotation error of the spindle and the shape of the workpiece can be referred to the report on the relationship between the surface roughness of the workpiece and the workpiece. However,