日本与中国是一衣带水的邻邦,自古以来与中国在经济,政治,文化等各个方面有着千丝万缕的联系,而这种联系在词汇上的最显著的表现就是对汉字的借鉴。因此,我们在日语中总能见到大量的汉字词,这种与汉语的高相似度造成了一种“日本人学汉语很容易”的假象。然而根据第二语言习得理论,母语对于学习者是把双刃剑,既存在正迁移,也有负迁移的作用。事实上,日本人在学习汉字词时,会因为多方面的原因造成偏误。本文研究的主要问题是日本学生在汉语学习中出现的一些常见偏误的原因探究,从汉字词这一有着中日特殊关联的角度出发,从中日文化区别等方面追根求源,探求日本学生在汉语词汇学习中的常见错误及原因,分析其容易出现的负迁移并依据一定的理论(如二语习得理论)来提出相应的教学策略。 Japan and China are neighbors of clothing and water. Since ancient times, Japan and China have inextricably links with China in various fields such as economy, politics and culture. The most obvious manifestation of this connection in terms of vocabulary is the reference to Chinese characters. Therefore, we can always see a large number of Chinese words in Japanese. This high similarity with Chinese language creates a false impression that “Japanese people learn Chinese very easily.” However, according to the second language acquisition theory, the mother tongue is a double-edged sword for learners, which has the function of positive migration and negative migration. In fact, when learning Japanese words, Japanese people can make mistakes because of many reasons. The main problem of this study is the reason why Japanese students appear some common mistakes in Chinese language learning. From the perspective of the special relationship between Chinese words and that of Japanese, this paper seeks for the source from the cultural differences between China and Japan, The common mistakes and reasons in Chinese vocabulary learning are analyzed, the negative transitions are easily analyzed and the corresponding teaching strategies are put forward according to certain theories (such as second language acquisition theory).