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通过对5052铝合金和Q235钢板搅拌摩擦搭接焊进行试验研究,获得质量良好的接头,通过剪切试验、断口形貌扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析对搭接接头组织和性能进行测试研究。结果表明:采用搅拌摩擦焊可以获得焊缝成形良好、无孔洞和裂纹等缺陷的搭接接头,强度可达到225 MPa,基本接近铝合金侧母材的强度,焊缝接头获得良好的机械连接和冶金连接。针对铝钢搭接的接头形式构建了组织模型,将接头分为搅拌扩散区、机械结合区和冶金结合区,揭示了铝钢搅拌摩擦搭接焊的连接机理。
Through the experimental research on the friction stir welding of 5052 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel, good quality joints were obtained, and the microstructure and properties of lap joints were tested by shear test, fracture morphology scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that the lap joint with good weld formation, no holes and cracks can be obtained by friction stir welding. The strength can reach 225 MPa, which is close to the strength of the aluminum alloy side of the base metal. The weld joint has good mechanical connection and Metallurgical connection. Tissue model was constructed for the joint of aluminum alloy lap joint. The joints were divided into mixing diffusion zone, mechanical junction zone and metallurgical junction zone, which revealed the connection mechanism of aluminum friction stir lap welding.