河北省是全国冬小麦主产区之一,历年种植面积约3800多万亩。自实行农业生产责任以来,化肥用量不断增加,单产也得到进一步提高,但由此也引发了一些营养方面的问题。首先是大量氮磷化肥的使用,造成土壤微量元素的比例失调,氮磷化肥报酬速减,限制了小麦产量的进一步提高。其次是农民只重视施用氮磷化肥,而忽视了施用有机肥,造成土壤肥力缓冲性下降,氮的供应“底劲”不足,使小麦后期“营养不良”。三是冬小麦生育期长,前期需肥强度小,中后期需肥强度大,并需要长时间从土壤中持续不断地吸收营养,这就要求小麦吸肥规律与氮素供应相协调。鉴于上述情况,在 Hebei Province is one of the main producing areas of winter wheat in the whole country. The planting area over the years is about 3800 mu. Since the implementation of the responsibility of agricultural production, the amount of chemical fertilizers has been continuously increased and yields have been further raised. However, some nutritional problems have also arisen. The first is the use of a large number of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, resulting in the imbalance of soil trace elements, rapid decline in the return of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, limiting the further increase in wheat yield. Followed by the peasants only emphasize the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, while neglecting the application of organic fertilizer, resulting in decreased soil fertility cushion, nitrogen supply, “bottom” lack of late wheat “malnutrition.” Third, winter wheat growth period, the early need of fertilizer intensity is small, the need for fertilizer in the late strength, and the need for a long time from the soil to absorb nutrients, which requires the law of wheat absorption and nitrogen supply coordination. In view of the above situation,