本文导出牛顿定律系统卡诺热机的最佳利润与效率间的关系,并得到最大利润时的效率界限。其结果包含了最大功率和最小熵产率(也即最小损失)两种特例。籍此,作者首次提出了有限时间经济分析和有限时间经济性能界限的概念,为统一现代热力学的各分支研究开拓了方向。 This paper derives the relationship between the optimal profit and efficiency of Newton’s law system Carnot engine and obtains the efficiency limit when the maximum profit is obtained. The result includes two special cases of maximum power and minimum entropy yield (ie, minimum and maximum loss). Therefore, for the first time, the author puts forward the concept of limited time, economic analysis and limited time, the boundary of economic performance, and opens the way for the unification of the branches of modern thermodynamics.