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目的研究分析辅助生殖技术妊娠发生早产相关因素,并分析早产儿出生结局的影响因素。方法选取2014年10月至2015年12月接受辅助生殖技术成功妊娠并早产的产妇120例为辅助组,同期入院的自然受孕早产孕妇150例为自然组。分别比较2组产妇分娩孕周、分娩方式、妊娠期合并症、早产儿Apgar评分以及出生结局等指标。结果辅助组产妇平均年龄为(33.6±2.7)岁,多胎(≥2)妊娠率为30.8%(37/120);均显著高于自然组[(27.9±3.2)岁、6.0%(9/150)](P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。辅助组产妇妊娠期并发症发生率显著高于自然组(P<0.05)。辅助组产妇低出生体重儿比例、新生儿死亡率高于自然组,但Apgar评分低于自然组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低出生体重儿、妊高症、臀位以及胎膜早破是早产儿不良出生结局的主要危险因素。结论辅助生殖技术受孕的产妇早产率较高,且与孕妇妊娠期合并症存在一定关系。
Objective To analyze and analyze the related factors of premature delivery during assisted reproductive technology pregnancy and to analyze the influencing factors of the birth outcome of premature children. Methods A total of 120 maternal women who received assisted reproductive technology from October 2014 to December 2015 were enrolled in this study. 150 pregnant spontaneous conception pregnant women were enrolled in the same period. The gestational age, mode of delivery, gestational complications, Apgar score of premature infants and birth outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results The average age of the assistant group was (33.6 ± 2.7) years old and the multiple pregnancy (≥2) pregnancy rate was 30.8% (37/120), which was significantly higher than that of the natural group [(27.9 ± 3.2) years, 6.0% (9/150 )] (P <0.05), the difference was statistically significant. The incidence of complications during pregnancy in the auxiliary group was significantly higher than that in the natural group (P <0.05). The proportion of low birth weight infants in the auxiliary group was higher than that of the natural group, but the Apgar score was lower than that of the natural group (P <0.05). Low birth weight infants, pregnancy-induced hypertension, breech, and premature rupture of membranes are the major risk factors for poor birth outcomes in preterm infants. Conclusions The rate of preterm birth of pregnant women assisted by assisted reproductive technology is high, and there is a certain relationship between pregnancy complications and pregnant women.