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目的分析2004-2013年漯河市病毒性丙型肝炎(丙肝)流行病学特征,探讨发病因素,为科学制定丙肝防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对漯河市2004-2013年丙型病毒性肝炎监测资料进行分析。结果漯河市丙肝发病率高于全省平均发病率水平,逐年上升且上升幅度较快,由2004年的13.14/10万上升至2011年的53.77/10万。全年均有发病,无明显季节高峰(M=0.027);40~44岁病例数最多,占总病例数的15.31%,各年龄段发病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势,60~64岁年龄组发病率最高,为74.75/10万,女性发病率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=49.14,P<0.005),各职业发病人群中,发病数最多的是农民、工人和离退休人员,占总病例数的85.52%。结论规范丙肝报告,确实有效地降低了丙肝报告发病率;但2013年丙肝发病率仍居漯河市法定传染病第3位,所以仍应继续开展调查研究,进一步查找危险因素,采取更多有效的防控措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis C (HCV) in Luohe City from 2004 to 2013, and to explore the etiological factors for providing a basis for scientific development of HCV prevention and control strategies. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the surveillance data of hepatitis C in Luohe City from 2004 to 2013. Results The incidence of Hepatitis C in Luohe City was higher than the average incidence rate of the province, rising year by year and increasing rapidly, from 13.14 / 100,000 in 2004 to 53.77 / 100,000 in 2011. There was no significant seasonal peak (M = 0.027) in the whole year. The number of patients aged 40-44 years was the highest, accounting for 15.31% of the total number of cases. The incidence of all age groups showed an upward trend with age, while the age group of 60-64 The highest incidence rate was 74.75 per 100 000. The incidence of female was higher than that of male, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 49.14, P <0.005). Among the occupational diseases, the highest incidence was peasant, worker and retiree , Accounting for 85.52% of the total number of cases. Conclusions The standardization of hepatitis C reporting has indeed effectively reduced the incidence of hepatitis C reporting. However, the incidence of hepatitis C still ranks the third in 2003 in legal infectious diseases in Luohe City. Therefore, further investigations and studies should be conducted to further identify the risk factors and adopt more effective Prevention and control measures.