患者男性，20岁，三周前无明显诱因自感胸闷、胸痛、咳嗽，为干咳，伴气促，平卧后加重。近日症状加重前来就诊。查体：心率快。心界下移。心脏B超：心脏大小正常，心包膜少量积液。心包膜外低回声实性包裹。探查纵隔，患者取仰卧．两手置于头侧，于胸骨左缘2－5肋间遂一行纵横 The patient was male, 20 years old, and had no obvious incentive to feel chest tightness, chest pain, or coughing three weeks ago. He had a dry cough and had shortness of breath. He was aggravated when he was supine. Recently, symptoms have worsened. Physical examination: fast heart rate. The heart is moving down. Heart B: The heart is normal in size, and a small amount of pericardial effusion is present. Pericardial low echo solid envelope. Exploring the mediastinum, the patient is supine. Put both hands on the head side, on the left edge of the sternum 2-5 intercosta