论文部分内容阅读
小黑麦是世界上第一个人工合成的小麦与黑麦属间杂交种,至今已有百年历史,但是,由于小黑麦部分不孕及子粒趋缩等原因,迟迟不能用于生产。经过几代育种家和学者坚持不懈的努力,上述等不良性状基本得到了克服,使小黑麦成为有希望的世界性粮食作物。国际玉米小麦改良中心(以下简称中心)经过20余年的努力,已取得明显的成绩。从1979～1986年不完全统计,全世界有14个国家和地区命名并推广的小黑麦品种中含有中心提供的材料,推广面积占全世界小黑麦面积122.8万公顷的一半以上。目前,参加中心的国际小黑麦试验的合作国家和地区共69个,供试材料700余份,分为5个试验圃,自然形成世界性小黑麦研究中心。一、六倍体小黑麦的进展早在中心成立之前,已开展了小黑麦的研究。
Triticale, the world’s first synthetic cross between wheat and rye, has been around for centuries, but it has not been used for production due to some infertility of triticale and shrinkage of the grain. After several generations of breeders and scholars made unremitting efforts, these bad traits have basically been overcome and the triticale has become a promising worldwide food crop. International Corn and Wheat Improvement Center (hereinafter referred to as the Center) after 20 years of hard work, has made remarkable achievements. According to incomplete statistics from 1979 to 1986, the triticale varieties named and popularized in 14 countries and regions in the world contain the materials provided by the center, and the promotion area accounts for more than half of the whole world’s 1.228 million hectares of triticale. At present, there are 69 countries and regions involved in the international tritium trial of the Center, with more than 700 test materials divided into 5 pilot nurseries, forming the World Triticale Research Center. I. Progress of Hexaploid Triticeae Earlier in the establishment of the Center, studies on triticale were carried out.