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目的:运用超声心动图探讨不同孕周正常胎儿的心肌厚度及其随孕周变化的规律,为诊断胎儿心肌病提供依据。方法:随机抽取孕20～40周的正常单胎胎儿257例进行胎儿超声心动图检查,在四腔心切面测量舒张期左室壁、右室壁、室间隔、左室及右室心尖部的心肌厚度,采用统计学方法比较不同部位心肌厚度的差别,分析心肌厚度与孕周之间的关系。结果:胎儿心肌厚度因孕周不同而不同,所检测的左、右心室壁,室间隔,左、右心室心尖部5个部位中右室壁最厚,均随着孕周增长而增厚,且心肌厚度与孕周之间存在直线相关关系。结论:超声心动图评价胎儿心肌方便、准确、可重复性强,参照不同孕周正常胎儿心肌的厚度参考值范围诊断胎儿肥厚性心肌病有助于降低漏诊率,对优生优育有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of myocardial thickness and gestational age in normal fetuses of different gestation weeks by echocardiography, and provide evidence for the diagnosis of fetal cardiomyopathy. Methods: Totally 257 normal single fetuses from 20 to 40 weeks pregnant were selected for fetal echocardiography. Left ventricular wall, right ventricular wall, ventricular septum, left ventricular and right ventricular apex Myocardial thickness, using statistical methods to compare different parts of the difference in myocardial thickness, analysis of the relationship between myocardial thickness and gestational age. Results: Fetal myocardial thickness varied with different gestational age. The thickness of the right ventricular wall was significantly increased in the left ventricle, right ventricular wall, ventricular septum, left ventricle and right ventricular apex. There was a linear correlation between myocardial thickness and gestational age. Conclusion: Echocardiography is a convenient, accurate and reproducible method to evaluate fetus myocardium. Diagnosing fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy according to the reference value of normal fetus myocardium in different gestational weeks may help reduce the rate of misdiagnosis, which is of great significance to prenatal and postnatal care.