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目的分析天津市城乡部分地区女性乳腺疾病发生的影响因素和城乡分布差异,为乳腺疾病的预防提供科学依据。方法选取2010年天津市河西区、津南区50 868名适龄妇女进行乳腺检查和问卷调查,对乳腺疾病发生的城乡差异及相关因素进行分析。结果天津市城乡部分地区女性乳腺疾病检出率为25.94%,市区妇女乳腺弥漫性增生的检出率明显高于农村,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);母乳喂养、流产、肥胖及乳腺疾病家族史的OR值分别为0.54(95%CI:0.52~0.56),2.23(95%CI:2.14~2.33),1.60(95%CI:1.50～1.70)和2.49(95%CI:2.33~2.65)。结论天津市城乡部分地区女性乳腺疾病的发生与母乳喂养、流产、肥胖以及乳腺疾病家族史有关,其中母乳喂养为保护性因素。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of breast diseases in urban and rural areas of Tianjin and the distribution differences between urban and rural areas and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of breast diseases. Methods A total of 50 868 women of the same age who were in Hexi District and Jinnan District of Tianjin City in 2010 were selected for breast examination and questionnaire survey. The differences between urban and rural areas and related factors of breast disease were analyzed. Results The detection rate of breast cancer was 25.94% in some areas of urban and rural areas in Tianjin. The detection rate of diffuse breast hyperplasia in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas (P <0.01). Breastfeeding, abortion, obesity and Family history of breast disease was 0.54 (95% CI: 0.52-0.56), 2.23 (95% CI: 2.14-2.33), 1.60 (95% CI: 1.50-1.70) and 2.49 (95% 2.65). Conclusion The prevalence of breast disease in some areas of urban and rural areas of Tianjin is related to breastfeeding, miscarriage, obesity and family history of breast disease. Breastfeeding is a protective factor.