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转化生长因子（ TGF）β1是TGF－β家族中的一个重要成员，近年来对 TGF－β1基因的研究发现，其基因多态性影响蛋白的转录，并与TGF－β1血浆水平相关，在多种疾病的发生、发展中起着重要的调节作用。 TGF－β1基因多态性在疾病的发展过程中具有复杂性，并可能具有人群特异性及疾病特异性，其与食管癌、胃癌，结直肠癌等消化道肿瘤的关系也在不断被研究，但研究结果不一。“,”The transforming growth factor( TGF) β1 is an important member in TGF-βfamily.In recent years, it is reported that there are gene polymorphisms of TGF-β1 ,and it affects genetic transcription, and is associated with the plasma levels of TGF-β1 ,so that it plays an important role in a variety of diseases.How-ever,its role in the disease process is complex,and it may be population specific and disease-specific.The relationship between gene polymorphisms of TGF-β1 and digestive tract cancer,such as esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer, are also studied constantly,though the results differ.