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In this paper,a novel M-ary chirp modulation scheme is proposed on the basis of the energy concen-tration property of chirp signals in fractional domain.In the proposed scheme,chirp signals with different phases are multiplexed in the same time-frequency bandwidth through reverse chirp-rate to increase information rate.In addition,fractional filters based on fractional Fourier transform(FRFT)are designed to separate chirp signals of different chirp-rates in the receiver.Moreover,the theoretical performance of fractional filters and the error probability of M-ary chirp system are derived.Both theoretical analysis and simulation prove that the proposed scheme outperforms M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM)system in the anti-noise performance.