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过去治疗癌症的方法是以切除患处的外科手术疗法为主,但器官一旦切除往往不能再生,所以希望开发既可杀死癌细胞,同时又保护正常细胞的疗法.化学疗法、免疫学疗法、放射线疗法、热疗法等虽保住了机体,但仍损害了正常细胞.过去,放射疗法和热疗法都是从体外进行放射或加热处理,伤害了体表附近正常组织而难以对体内深部的癌瘤进行有效治疗.因此,最近在积极地开发几种可埋入肿瘤附近,对癌细胞进行直接放射或热处理,只杀死癌细胞而又不损伤正常组织的玻璃材料.一、放射疗法用玻璃放射线中β射线射程短,在生物组织中1cm以上的距离都不受影响,也不用担心使其他元素产生放射性.把可放射β射线化学元素掺入化学耐久性好的材料中,制成β射线源材料.把它植入肿瘤附近,就可达到直按照射癌细胞又可不损伤周围正常组织的目的.例如用这种材料制成直径为20—30μm的小球,从血管注入,并留在肿瘤的毛细管内,它既可射出β射线又能阻断癌细胞的营养供给.由于放射能的半衰期短,放射能急速衰减,可不断注入.该材料配制时是用非放射性元素,在治疗前用中子照射并加以放射化处理.适于这种目的材料,有如下两种玻璃.
In the past, the treatment of cancer was based on surgical treatment to remove the affected area. However, once the organ is removed, it is often impossible to regenerate. Therefore, it is hoped to develop a therapy that can kill cancer cells while protecting normal cells. Chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation Although therapies, thermotherapy, etc., have preserved the body, they still damage normal cells. In the past, radiation therapy and heat therapy were performed from outside the body by radiation or heat treatment, which damaged normal tissues near the surface of the body and made it difficult to carry out cancer in the deep part of the body. Effective treatment. Therefore, recently actively developed several glass materials that can be buried near the tumor, direct radiation or heat treatment of cancer cells, and only kill cancer cells without damaging normal tissues. I. Radiotherapy used in glass radiation The beta ray has a short range and is not affected by distances greater than 1 cm in biological tissues and does not have to worry about making other elements radioactive. The beta ray chemical elements can be incorporated into chemically durable materials to make beta ray source materials By implanting it near a tumor, it is possible to achieve the goal of directly shooting the cancer cells without damaging the surrounding normal tissues. For example, using this material A small ball with a diameter of 20-30 μm is injected from the blood vessel and stays in the capillaries of the tumor. It can both emit β-rays and block the nutrient supply of cancer cells. Because of the short half-life of radioactivity, radioactivity decays rapidly. Continuous injection. The material is formulated with non-radioactive elements and irradiated with neutrons before treatment. The material suitable for this purpose is the following two glasses.