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销售协议(Distribution Agreement)是指供应商指定一家或多家相对固定的销售商,在一定时期和一定地区内销售其商品的法律文件。广义的销售协议还包括特许和代理协议。销售协议一般分为独占性(Exclusive)销售协议和非独占性(General)销售协议。欧盟竞争法所调整的主要对象是独占性销售协议,而对非独占性销售协议则不加任何限制。 从经济效益的角度来看,在供货、销售、运输成本和库存量等各方面,独家销售协议的供销双方都获利颇多,因此独家销售协议在各国均普遍存在。而在欧盟内部,约有10万个以上的独家销货协议和50万以上的独家购货协议。从限制竞争方面看,由于独家交易的缘故,在客观上将该协议双方以外的第三方排挤出了市场。不难看出,这种协议具有某种垄断的性
A distribution agreement (Distribution Agreement) refers to a legal document that a supplier specifies one or more relatively fixed sellers to sell their goods within a certain period of time and within a certain area. The broad sales agreement also includes franchise and agency agreements. Sales agreements are generally divided into exclusive sales agreements and non-exclusive sales agreements. The main object of adjustment in the EU competition law is the exclusive sales agreement, while no restrictions are imposed on non-exclusive sales agreements. From the perspective of economic efficiency, in terms of supply, sales, transportation costs, and inventory, both the supply and sales parties of the exclusive sales agreement are profitable, so the exclusive sales agreement is common in all countries. Within the EU, there are more than 100,000 exclusive sales agreements and more than 500,000 exclusive purchase agreements. From the perspective of restricting competition, due to exclusive trading, third parties other than the parties to the agreement are objectively excluded from the market. It is not difficult to see that this kind of agreement has some kind of monopolistic nature.