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目的了解南通地区2015—2016年度流感病毒流行特征及变异规律。方法利用荧光PCR技术对采集的流感样病例的鼻咽拭子进行检测。然后对通用引物检测阳性标本进行分型检测,经基因测序后分析本地区流感病毒核酸的变异情况。结果 2015—2016年,共收集标本1921例,阳性标本177例,阳性率为9.21%。B型、新H1N 1、甲型H3N 2流感阳性率分别为0.52%、3.12%和5.57%。流感病毒糖基化位点发现A(H1N 1)pdm流感病毒南通株、B型Yamagata系流感病毒南通株与相应的疫苗株糖基化位点相比没有突变,A(H3N2)流感病毒南通株与相应的疫苗株糖基化位点相比发生突变。H3N2亚型、新H1N1、B型Yamagata亚型及B型Victoria亚型周期性交替流行,这可能与人群流感病毒周期性变化有关,每次转换皆形成1次流行高峰,但H3N2亚型因发生变异,全年皆呈流行状态。结论本年度南通市流感病毒的流行没有明显季节性。
Objective To understand the prevalence and variation of influenza virus in Nantong area from 2015 to 2016. Methods Fluorescent PCR was used to detect nasopharyngeal swabs collected from flu-like cases. Then, the common primers were tested for the positive typing, and the genetic variation of influenza virus nucleic acid in the area was analyzed after gene sequencing. Results From 2015 to 2016, a total of 1921 specimens were collected, including 177 positive specimens, the positive rate was 9.21%. The positive rates of type B, new H1N1 and type A H3N2 influenza were 0.52%, 3.12% and 5.57% respectively. The influenza virus glycosylation site found that A (H1N1) pdm influenza virus Nantong strain, B-type Yamagata influenza virus Nantong strain and the corresponding vaccine strain glycosylation sites compared to no mutation, A (H3N2) influenza virus Nantong strain Mutation occurred in comparison with the corresponding vaccine strain glycosylation site. H3N2 subtypes, new H1N1, Yamagata subtype B, and subtype B Victoria subtypes have cyclical alternations, which may be related to the cyclical changes in the human influenza virus, with one epidemic peak in each conversion, but the H3N2 subtype Variation, are all year-round epidemic. Conclusion The prevalence of influenza virus in Nantong City this year is not obvious seasonal.