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众所周知,许多肿瘤病毒可在动物体内或体外培养条件下引起肿瘤,这两种致癌形式的共同特点是寄主细胞存活多久;该病毒的基因组即在细胞内部停留多久,这是因为病毒的DNA已整合在宿主细胞的DNA上。八十年代,人类对肿瘤的认识日趋深入,迄今为止已陆续发现了26种癌基因,并证明在正常细胞中存在与病毒癌基因同源的DNA顺序,称为原癌基因(Proto-Oncogene)。而原癌基因的激活,是导致肿瘤形成的分子基础。换句话说:正常的细胞可携带破坏其自身的,以癌基因形式存在的种子(原癌基因)。癌基因也不是癌细胞所独有的,它们存在于正常细胞内,并在其中起作用,而且对正常细胞的生命,如同对癌细胞的无节制
It is well known that many oncoviruses can cause tumors in animal or in vitro culture conditions. The common feature of these two oncogenic forms is how long the host cells survive; how long the virus’s genome stays in the cell, because the DNA of the virus has been integrated. On the host cell’s DNA. In the 1980s, human understanding of cancer became deeper, and 26 oncogenes have been discovered one after another. It has been proved that there are DNA sequences homologous to viral oncogenes in normal cells, called proto-oncogenes. . The activation of protooncogenes is the molecular basis of tumor formation. In other words: Normal cells can carry their own seeds (proto-oncogenes) that destroy their own form of oncogenes. Oncogenes are not unique to cancer cells. They exist in normal cells and function in them. They also have an effect on the life of normal cells, like the unrestrainedness of cancer cells.