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以往我们在研究北朝文学时,往往将北朝文学与南朝文学做简单的比较而轻易做出这样那样的结论,或仅仅将北朝文学作为南朝文学的附庸,或将北朝文学全盘否定,其实这都有欠公允。北朝文学自有其独立的孕育土壤,作家的生活空间、社会的文化形态及历史的演进等等,与南朝大不相同。而由于战争,南北阻隔,各自长期处于封闭、自足的状态,文学的发生、发展,也缘于各自自然、政治和社会环境等诸因素的不同,南北各有自己的方向,并呈现出不同的面貌。由此看来,文化土壤对一个时代、某一地域文学的孕育及最终流向,往往起着至关重要的作用。
In the past, when we studied the literature of the Northern Dynasties, we often made a simple comparison between the literature of the North Dynasties and the literature of the South Dynasties and easily made the conclusion that such a conclusion could be achieved only by using the literature of the Northern Dynasties as the vassal of the literature in the Southern Dynasties or by totally negating the literature of the North. Not fair. Northern Dynasties literature has its own independent soil, the living space of writers, the social cultural patterns and the evolution of history, etc., and the South is very different. However, due to the war, the north and south separated each other in a state of being closed and self-sufficient for a long period of time. The occurrence and development of literature also differed from each other in their natural, political and social environments, and each had its own direction and showed different face. Seen in this light, the cultural soil often plays an important role in the birth and final flow of literature in a certain era and region.