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焊接过程的在线监控是保证激光焊接质量的关键,为此,首先要找到焊接过程传感特征量变化规律以及与焊缝质量间的关系.飞溅是大功率盘型激光焊接过程中的一个重要现象,其特征与焊接质量、焊接过程稳定性以及能量利用率等有着密切的联系.以大功率盘形激光焊接304不锈钢为试验对象,研究焊接过程中的飞溅特征.在紫外波段和可见光波段应用高速摄像机摄取焊接过程中产生飞溅的瞬态特征,通过计算机图像处理技术分析飞溅的数量、面积、行程和质心高度特征参量.以焊件熔宽作为衡量焊接质量与焊接过程稳定性的因素,对飞溅特征量进行线性和高次拟合,研究飞溅特征参量的波动规律,并与焊件熔宽的变化对比,探索焊接过程的飞溅特征参量变化规律.试验结果表明,根据飞溅特征量变化规律能够对大功率盘形激光焊接304不锈钢板焊接质量做出动态评估,为实现焊接质量的在线监控提供了试验依据.
The online monitoring of the welding process is the key to ensure the quality of the laser welding.To this end, we must first find the variation law of the sensing characteristics of the welding process and the relationship with the quality of the weld.Flag is an important phenomenon in the laser welding process of the high power disc , And its characteristics are closely related to the welding quality, the stability of the welding process and the energy utilization rate etc. The high-power disc-shaped laser welded 304 stainless steel is used as the test object to study the spattering characteristics in the welding process, and the application of high speed in the ultraviolet and visible light bands The camera captures the transient characteristics of the spatter generated during the welding process and analyzes the spatter quantity, area, stroke and centroid height characteristic parameters by using the computer image processing technology. Taking the weld width as the factor to measure the welding quality and the welding process stability, The linear and high-order fitting of the characteristic parameters was carried out to study the fluctuation law of the characteristic parameters of the spatter and to compare the changes of the spattering parameters during the welding process with the variation of the weld width. The experimental results show that, High-power disk-shaped laser welding 304 stainless steel welding quality to make a dynamic assessment To achieve the online monitoring of welding quality provides a test basis.