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知识与价值的关系问题是清初思想家关注的焦点,该时期的杰出儒者李二曲,以理学家的独特视角对此问题作出了回应。他首先沿着陆王的路线,明确区分了两种知识;同时,他又通过安立认知心纳入了朱子的知识追求,从而弥补了王学认知活动缺失的问题;进一步,他又探讨了好问好察、聚众之智等获得知识的方法;最后,他又通过“忘”的方式将知识内化为个人的德性智慧,从而实现了知识到价值的过渡。李二曲对此问题的思考给科学与人文日益分离的当代社会提供了一些有益的启示。
The relationship between knowledge and value was the focus of thinkers in early Qing dynasty. Li Erqu, an outstanding Confucian in that period, responded to this question with a unique perspective of the rationalist. At first, he explicitly divided the two kinds of knowledge along the route of King Lu, and at the same time, he incorporated Zhu’s pursuit of knowledge through Anritsu’s cognition, so as to make up for the lack of cognitive activity of Wang Xue. Furthermore, In the end, he internalized knowledge into personal moral wisdom through “forgetting”, thus realizing the transition from knowledge to value. Li Erqu’s thinking on this issue provides some beneficial enlightenments to the contemporary society where science and humanism are becoming increasingly separated.