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由两根在空间呈X型放置的光波导组成的空间交叉波导结构是构成垂直耦合光分束器、垂直耦合光滤波器、垂直耦合光开关和垂直耦合上/下复用器等三维集成光学器件的基本结构单元。提出用一种等效模场匹配法分析空间交叉波导耦合特性,将矩形波导的场分布看成是对圆对称光纤场分布的微扰,解决了对角区场分布的表达,从而计算空间交叉波导的耦合长度,并用三维全矢量光束传输法验证了分析结果。将两种方法所得的空间交叉波导耦合长度加以比较,最大误差为1.2%,平均误差为0.9%。结果表明该等效模场匹配法具有精度高、运算速度快等优点,为基于空间交叉波导的三维集成光学器件的设计和分析提供理论基础。
The cross-waveguide structure consisting of two optical waveguides placed in space in the X-shape is a three-dimensional integrated optical system that forms a vertical coupling optical splitter, a vertical coupling optical filter, a vertical coupling optical switch and a vertical coupling up / down multiplexer The basic structure of the device unit. An equivalent mode field matching method is proposed to analyze the coupling characteristics of space cross waveguide. The rectangular waveguide field distribution is regarded as a perturbation to the field distribution of circularly symmetric fiber, and the expression of the diagonal field distribution is solved. Waveguide coupling length, and verify the analysis results by three-dimensional full-vector beam transmission method. The space cross-waveguide coupling lengths obtained by the two methods are compared, with the maximum error of 1.2% and the average error of 0.9%. The results show that the equivalent mode matching method has the advantages of high precision and fast calculation speed, and provides a theoretical basis for the design and analysis of 3D integrated optics based on space cross waveguide.