目的:探讨跳伞应激对野战部队伞兵抑郁、焦虑及情绪自控能力和稳定性的影响。方法:于2004-07-06/08-14整群抽取某野战部队71名男性伞兵作为调查对象。①采用情绪自控能力量表评定调查对象的情绪自控力:由20项题目组成,每题有3个答案,分别记1、2、3分,总分>40分为正常,得分越低,情绪自控越差。②采用情绪稳定性量表评定调查对象的情绪稳定性:由22项题目组成,每题有3个答案,分别记2、0、1分,总分<20分为正常,得分越高,情绪稳定性越差。③采用状态—特质焦虑量表评定调查对象的焦虑状况:由两张问卷共40项描述题组成。1～20项为状态焦虑量表,主要用于评价应激情况下的状态焦虑,21～40题为特质焦虑量表,用于评定人们经常的情绪体验。④采用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表测定调查对象的抑郁及焦虑程度:由20个陈述句和相应问题条目组成,均为4级评分(1～4),得分越高抑郁及焦虑程度越重。于跳伞前2d、前1个月及3次跳伞后,对调查对象进行集体情绪测验,统一指导语,测验时间约90min。组间比较采用方差分析。结果:发放问卷76份,回收71份,回收率为93%。①跳伞应激前情绪稳定性、自控能力和特质焦虑情况:跳伞应激前2d调查对象情绪稳定性评分为15.6±4.6,<20分者有53人(74.6%),≥20分者有18人(25.4%);情绪自控能力评分为48.3±6.4,≤40分者有12人(16.9%),>40分有59人(83.1%);跳伞应激调查对象特质焦虑评分为显著高于国内男性常模(t=3.26,P<0.01)。②跳伞应激前后焦虑、抑郁情绪变化:与跳伞前1个月相比,跳伞前2d,调查对象焦虑、抑郁情绪评分及大于50分的比例显著增加(P<0.01～0.05),完成3次跳伞后,焦虑、抑郁评分仍大于跳伞前1个月及前2d(P<0.01～0.05),焦虑评分大于50分的比例较跳伞前2d有所降低,但仍高于跳伞前1个月,抑郁评分大于50分的比例较跳伞前1个月及前2d显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:跳伞前2d,调查对象情绪不稳定、自控能力差,焦虑、抑郁情绪增加,3次跳伞完成后焦虑情绪有所降低,而抑郁情绪加重,跳伞应激对野战部队伞兵焦虑、抑郁情绪有显著的影响。 Objective: To investigate the impact of parachuting on the ability and stability of depression, anxiety and emotional self-control of paratroopers in field units. Methods: A total of 71 male paratroopers from a certain field unit were selected from the entire cluster from 2004-07-06 / 08-14 for investigation. ① emotional self-control ability rating scale to assess the emotional self-control of the respondents: composed of 20 questions, each question has 3 answers, respectively, 1,2,3 points, the total score> 40 points for the normal, the lower the score, the mood The worse self-control. (2) The emotion stability scale was used to evaluate the emotional stability of the surveyed subjects. It consisted of 22 items. Each item had 3 answers, with scores of 2,0 and 1, respectively. The total score <20 was normal, the score was higher, the emotion The worse the stability. ③ using the state - Trait Anxiety Scale to assess the anxiety of the survey: a total of 40 questions from two questionnaires. 1 to 20 items for the state anxiety scale, mainly for the assessment of state anxiety under stress conditions, 21 to 40 entitled Trait Anxiety Scale, used to assess people’s regular emotional experience. (4) Using the anxiety self-rating scale and the depression self-rating scale to determine the degree of depression and anxiety in the surveyed subjects: 20 statements and corresponding question entries, all of which were grade 4 (1 ~ 4), the higher the score, the degree of depression and anxiety The heavier. Two days before the parachuting, 1 month before and 3 times after the parachuting, the survey conducted a collective emotional test, a unified guide language, the test time of about 90min. Analysis of variance between groups was used. Results: 76 questionnaires were distributed, 71 were recovered, the recovery rate was 93%. ① Before the parachute stress emotional stability, self-control ability and trait anxiety: parachute stress 2d before the object emotional stability score was 15.6 ± 4.6, <20 points were 53 (74.6%), ≥ 20 points were 18 (25.4%); emotional self-control ability score was 48.3 ± 6.4, ≤40 points were 12 (16.9%),> 40 points were 59 (83.1%); parachute stress survey trait anxiety scores were significantly higher Domestic male norm (t = 3.26, P <0.01). (2) The anxiety and depression mood before and after the parachuting stress: Compared with the one month before the parachuting, the anxiety and depression scores and the ratio of more than 50 points of the subjects increased significantly (P <0.01 ~ 0.05) 2 days before parachuting, After parachuting, the scores of anxiety and depression were still higher than those of the one month and two days before the parachuting (P <0.01 ~ 0.05). The proportion of anxiety scores greater than 50 was lower than that of the two days before parachuting, The proportion of depression score greater than 50 points was significantly higher than that of the one month before and the first two days of parachute jumping (P <0.01). Conclusion: At 2 days before the parachute, the subjects were emotionally unstable, with poor self-control ability, increased anxiety and depression, and decreased their anxiety after completing the 3-day parachuting. However, their depressive mood was aggravated and the parachute stress had an effect on the anxiety and depression of the paratroopers Significant impact.