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目的分析广州市城区学龄儿童家庭电子产品拥有情况及视屏时间与体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)的关系,为减少儿童久坐行为的家庭策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取广州市5个城区29所小学的9 260名一~五年级小学生进行体格检查,对学生家长进行问卷调查。分析小学生家庭电子产品拥有率及平均每天视屏时间,采用Spearman相关分析家庭电子产品拥有率与儿童视屏时间、BMI的关系。结果广州市7~12岁儿童超重肥胖率为18.84%,家庭电视、影像/DVD播放机、无网络计算机、连接网络计算机的拥有率分别为96.22%,69.21%,33.01%,76.19%,公办学校学生家庭4类电子产品拥有率均高于民办学校学生家庭(χ2值分别为174.280,312.444,53.918,644.181,P值均<0.01)。儿童每天看电视、录像和DVD时间中位数为1.60 h,玩计算机游戏时间为0.50 h。民办学校儿童看电视等及玩计算机游戏的时间均高于公办学校儿童(Z值分别为14.802,6.852,P值均<0.01);男生每天看电视等及玩计算机游戏的时间均高于女生(Z值分别为-2.020,-6.782,P值均<0.05);超重/肥胖组儿童每天玩计算机游戏时间高于非超重肥胖组儿童,差异有统计学意义(Z=3.074,P=0.002)。家庭拥有计算机(连接网络)的儿童BMI-Z评分高于家庭无计算机(连接网络)的儿童(Z=3.240,P=0.001)。随着每天玩计算机游戏时间的增加,儿童BMI-Z评分升高(r=-0.048,P=0.002)。结论儿童BMI与家庭是否拥有连接网络的计算机及每天玩计算机游戏时间有相关性。不同类型学校儿童及不同性别儿童电子产品使用时间有差异,在进行儿童健康生活方式干预工作时,应考虑到性别及学校类型特点。
Objective To analyze the ownership of home electronics products and the relationship between screen time and body mass index (BMI) in school-age children in Guangzhou and to provide a scientific basis for family strategies to reduce children’s sedentary behavior. Methods A multistage stratified stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 9 260 first to fifth grade primary school students from 29 primary schools in five urban districts of Guangzhou for physical examination and questionnaire survey among parents of the students. Analysis of primary school home electronic product ownership and average daily screen time, using Spearman correlation analysis of home electronics ownership rate and children’s screen time, BMI relationship. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children aged 7 ~ 12 in Guangzhou was 18.84%. The ownership rate of home TV, video / DVD player, non-networked computer and connected computer was 96.22%, 69.21%, 33.01% and 76.19% The occupancy rate of the 4 types of electronic products in the family was higher than that in the private school (χ2 = 174.280,312.444,53.918,644.181, P <0.01). Children watch TV, video and DVD for a median of 1.60 hours a day and computer games for 0.50 hours a day. Children in private schools watched TV and played computer games for a longer period of time than those in public schools (Z scores were 14.802 and 6.852, P <0.01 respectively); boys watched television and played computer games more everyday than girls Z values were -2.020 and -6.782, P <0.05 respectively). Children in overweight / obesity group had higher daily playing time in computer games than non-overweight and obesity children (Z = 3.074, P = 0.002). The BMI-Z score of children with computers (connected to the internet) in families was higher than that of children with no computers in the home (internet connection) (Z = 3.240, P = 0.001). Children’s BMI-Z scores increased with increasing daily playing of computer games (r = -0.048, P = 0.002). Conclusion There is a correlation between children’s BMI and whether or not the family has a network-connected computer and a daily play of computer games. Different types of school children and children of different ages have different use of electronic products. In the process of children’s healthy lifestyle interventions, gender and school type characteristics should be taken into account.