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目的探讨胎儿生长受限(FGR)发生的相关因素。方法对足月FGR病例118例进行回顾性分析。结果118例FGR母体因素38例(32.2%),胎儿因素8例(6.8%),胎盘因素7例(5.9%),脐带因素36例(30.51%),无明确原因29例(24.8%);阴道分娩组新生儿窒息24例,占41.4%,剖宫产组新生儿窒息24例,占10.3%,两组分娩方式比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001)。结论①FGR的主要病因是母体因素,以妊娠并发症为首要因素,其中又以妊娠期高血压疾病占首位(13.9%),其次为脐带、胎盘因素,而病因不明者达20.4%;②及时恰当地治疗妊娠合并症和并发症,孕期进行干预治疗,选择恰当的分娩时机和分娩方式,有利于减少FGR胎儿窘迫和新生儿窒息的发生。适当放宽剖宫产指征,有利于降低FGR的后遗症。
Objective To investigate the related factors of fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods 118 cases of full-term FGR were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 38 cases (32.2%) with FGR in 118 cases, 8 cases (6.8%) with fetal factors, 7 cases with placental factors (5.9%), 36 cases with umbilical cord factors (30.51%), 29 cases without definite reasons (24.8% In vaginal delivery group neonatal asphyxia in 24 cases, accounting for 41.4%, cesarean section neonatal asphyxia in 24 cases, accounting for 10.3%, the two groups of delivery mode was statistically significant difference (P <0.0001). Conclusions ① The main cause of FGR is maternal factors. Pregnancy complication is the primary factor, of which pregnancy-induced hypertension is the most common cause (13.9%), umbilical cord cord and placenta are the second cause, while those with unknown etiology are up to 20.4%. (2) Treatment of complications and complications of pregnancy, intervention during pregnancy, choose the appropriate timing of delivery and delivery, help to reduce FGR fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia. Appropriate relaxation of cesarean indications, is conducive to reducing the sequelae of FGR.