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1. —I thought you wouldn’t mind.
—Well,as a matter of fact I don’t,but you___me first.
A. should ask B. should have asked
C. must ask D. must have asked
2. —I called you yesterday. A woman answered,but I didn’t recognize her voice.
—Oh,it___my aunt Jean.
A. must be B. must have been
C. might be D. can have been
3. That car nearly hit me;I .
A. might be killed B. might have been killed
C. may be killed D. may been killed
4. He___the test again,in which case,his mother will be very disappointed.
A. might fail B. must have failed
C. should fail D. could have failed
5. —Why didn’t she come to the meeting yesterday?
—I’m not so sure. She___ill.
A. should be B. should have been
C. must be D. might have been
6. — What does the sign over there read?
—No person___smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.
A. will B. may C. shall D. must
7. We___have proved great adventurers,but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.
A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
8. —I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
—You . You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
9. —What’s the name?
—Khulaifi.___I spell that for you?
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might
10. If it were not for the fact that she___sing,I would invite her to the party.
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not
11. —Must he come to sign this paper himself?
—Yes,he .
A. need B. must C. may D. will
12. —May I smoke here?
—If you ,choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may D. must
13. —Could I have a word with you,mum?
—Oh dear,if you .
A. can B. must
C. may D. should
14. We hope that as many people as possible
join us for the picnic tomorrow.
A. need B. must
C. should D. can
15. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I___the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
A. should have taken B. could have taken
C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken
16. The teacher___have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on him,I suppose.
A. should B. can C. would D. must
17. My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where___I have put it?
A. can B. must C. should D. would
18. The biggest problem for most plants,which___just get up and run away when threatened,is that animals like to eat them.
A. shan’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
19. —She looks very happy. She___have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should B. could
C. must D. might
20. I told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I___have driven her there.
A. could B. must
C. might D. should
【答案詳解】
1. B。should后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事,结果未做”,此处含有责备之意。but you should have asked me first的意思是“你本来应该先问我一声的”。
2. B。对过去情况的肯定推测,宜用“情态动词 动词完成式”,再根据句意,可确定答案为B。注:can表示推测通常不用于肯定陈述句。
3. B。表示过去可能发生而实际上未发生的事,用“might 动词完成式”,不用“may 动词完成式”。若只是推测过去可能已经发生的事,则可用“may [might] 动词完成式”,如:He may [might] have gone. 他可能已经走了。
4. A。根据下文的 will be可知,“他考试不及格”是将来的事,据此可排除B和D。再根据句意,排除C。
5. D。从时间上看,由于是昨天没来开会,所以推测“她生病”也应是在昨天,故排除A和C。从语境上看,既然上文说I’m not so sure,那么说明说话者对自己的推测没有很大把握,故选D。
6. C。shall在此表示“允许”,此时可用于第三人称。shall在陈述句中表示说话者的允诺、告诫、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等,主要用于第二、三人称。如:That day shall come. 那一天一定会来。(表必然性)/ Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. 告诉他这本书明天给他。(表允诺)/ Persons under 18 shall not be employed in night work. 不满18岁的人不得雇佣干夜间工作。(表规定)/ He says that he will not come,but I say that he shall come. 他说他不来,但我说他必须要来。(表命令或威胁)
7. B。比较:needn’t have done意为“本来不必做某事”,may not have done意为“(过去)可能没有做某事”,shouldn’t have done意为“本来不应该做某事”(must表推测时不用于否定式)。根据句意,显然只能选B。
8. D。将四个选项分别置于句中,比较句意的通顺性,可知填should最佳。
9. A。Shall I...?意为“要我……吗?”,又如:Shall I help you? 要不要我帮你的忙? Do you want a bath at once,or shall I have mine first? 你马上洗澡还是我先洗?
10. C。因为她“不会”唱歌,所以我才没有邀请她去参加晚会。句中填can’t最通顺。
11. B。以Must开头的疑问句,在作肯定回答时通常要用must或have to,如:—Must we bring our passports with us? 我们必须带护照吗?—Yes,you must. 是的,你们必须要带。
12. D。must在此表示坚持或固执,又如:After I gave her my advice,she must go and do the opposite. 在我给她出主意之后她偏反着干。
13. B。must在此表示坚持或固执,if you must的意思是“如果你一定要说的话,你就说吧”。
14. D。can在此表示希望或建议,可译为“能够”“可以”,如:We can eat out if you like. 如你愿意,我们可以出去吃。
15. C。needn’t have done的意思是“本来不必做某事(但实际上做了)”。又如:You needn’t have been staying up so late. 你本来无需待到这么晚还不睡的。You needn’t have mentioned it. 你没有必要提及此事的。
16. D。“must have 过去分词”表示对过去情况的肯定推测。句意为:我想,老师一定认为约翰逊是值得教的,要不然她就不会在他身上浪费时间了。
17. A。can在此表推测,“can have 过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测,主要用于否定句或疑问句中。句意为:我的MP4不在包里,我会把它放到哪里去了呢?
18. B。can在此表示能力,can’t表示“不能”。此题所考查的知识点比较简单,但由于句子结构比较复杂,所以许多学生不是由于没有弄清知识点而误选,而是由于不理解句意而误选。全句意为:对于大多数植物来说,它们所面临的最大問题是(有些)动物喜欢以它们为食物,而当它们受到威胁时却不能起身逃跑。
19. C。“must have 过去分词”表示对过去情况的肯定推测。由于“她看上去气色不错”,而且“考试也不难”,所以她一定是通过了考试。
20. D。比较:“could have 过去分词”的意思是“本来可以”“本来应该”“本来能够”;“must have 过去分词”的意思是“一定已经”;“might have 过去分词”的意思是“本来可以”“本来可能”;“should have 过去分词”的意思是“本来应该”。根据句意,显然只有D最佳。
(编辑 陈根花)
—Well,as a matter of fact I don’t,but you___me first.
A. should ask B. should have asked
C. must ask D. must have asked
2. —I called you yesterday. A woman answered,but I didn’t recognize her voice.
—Oh,it___my aunt Jean.
A. must be B. must have been
C. might be D. can have been
3. That car nearly hit me;I .
A. might be killed B. might have been killed
C. may be killed D. may been killed
4. He___the test again,in which case,his mother will be very disappointed.
A. might fail B. must have failed
C. should fail D. could have failed
5. —Why didn’t she come to the meeting yesterday?
—I’m not so sure. She___ill.
A. should be B. should have been
C. must be D. might have been
6. — What does the sign over there read?
—No person___smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.
A. will B. may C. shall D. must
7. We___have proved great adventurers,but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.
A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
8. —I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
—You . You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
9. —What’s the name?
—Khulaifi.___I spell that for you?
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might
10. If it were not for the fact that she___sing,I would invite her to the party.
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not
11. —Must he come to sign this paper himself?
—Yes,he .
A. need B. must C. may D. will
12. —May I smoke here?
—If you ,choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may D. must
13. —Could I have a word with you,mum?
—Oh dear,if you .
A. can B. must
C. may D. should
14. We hope that as many people as possible
join us for the picnic tomorrow.
A. need B. must
C. should D. can
15. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I___the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
A. should have taken B. could have taken
C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken
16. The teacher___have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on him,I suppose.
A. should B. can C. would D. must
17. My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where___I have put it?
A. can B. must C. should D. would
18. The biggest problem for most plants,which___just get up and run away when threatened,is that animals like to eat them.
A. shan’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
19. —She looks very happy. She___have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should B. could
C. must D. might
20. I told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I___have driven her there.
A. could B. must
C. might D. should
【答案詳解】
1. B。should后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事,结果未做”,此处含有责备之意。but you should have asked me first的意思是“你本来应该先问我一声的”。
2. B。对过去情况的肯定推测,宜用“情态动词 动词完成式”,再根据句意,可确定答案为B。注:can表示推测通常不用于肯定陈述句。
3. B。表示过去可能发生而实际上未发生的事,用“might 动词完成式”,不用“may 动词完成式”。若只是推测过去可能已经发生的事,则可用“may [might] 动词完成式”,如:He may [might] have gone. 他可能已经走了。
4. A。根据下文的 will be可知,“他考试不及格”是将来的事,据此可排除B和D。再根据句意,排除C。
5. D。从时间上看,由于是昨天没来开会,所以推测“她生病”也应是在昨天,故排除A和C。从语境上看,既然上文说I’m not so sure,那么说明说话者对自己的推测没有很大把握,故选D。
6. C。shall在此表示“允许”,此时可用于第三人称。shall在陈述句中表示说话者的允诺、告诫、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等,主要用于第二、三人称。如:That day shall come. 那一天一定会来。(表必然性)/ Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. 告诉他这本书明天给他。(表允诺)/ Persons under 18 shall not be employed in night work. 不满18岁的人不得雇佣干夜间工作。(表规定)/ He says that he will not come,but I say that he shall come. 他说他不来,但我说他必须要来。(表命令或威胁)
7. B。比较:needn’t have done意为“本来不必做某事”,may not have done意为“(过去)可能没有做某事”,shouldn’t have done意为“本来不应该做某事”(must表推测时不用于否定式)。根据句意,显然只能选B。
8. D。将四个选项分别置于句中,比较句意的通顺性,可知填should最佳。
9. A。Shall I...?意为“要我……吗?”,又如:Shall I help you? 要不要我帮你的忙? Do you want a bath at once,or shall I have mine first? 你马上洗澡还是我先洗?
10. C。因为她“不会”唱歌,所以我才没有邀请她去参加晚会。句中填can’t最通顺。
11. B。以Must开头的疑问句,在作肯定回答时通常要用must或have to,如:—Must we bring our passports with us? 我们必须带护照吗?—Yes,you must. 是的,你们必须要带。
12. D。must在此表示坚持或固执,又如:After I gave her my advice,she must go and do the opposite. 在我给她出主意之后她偏反着干。
13. B。must在此表示坚持或固执,if you must的意思是“如果你一定要说的话,你就说吧”。
14. D。can在此表示希望或建议,可译为“能够”“可以”,如:We can eat out if you like. 如你愿意,我们可以出去吃。
15. C。needn’t have done的意思是“本来不必做某事(但实际上做了)”。又如:You needn’t have been staying up so late. 你本来无需待到这么晚还不睡的。You needn’t have mentioned it. 你没有必要提及此事的。
16. D。“must have 过去分词”表示对过去情况的肯定推测。句意为:我想,老师一定认为约翰逊是值得教的,要不然她就不会在他身上浪费时间了。
17. A。can在此表推测,“can have 过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测,主要用于否定句或疑问句中。句意为:我的MP4不在包里,我会把它放到哪里去了呢?
18. B。can在此表示能力,can’t表示“不能”。此题所考查的知识点比较简单,但由于句子结构比较复杂,所以许多学生不是由于没有弄清知识点而误选,而是由于不理解句意而误选。全句意为:对于大多数植物来说,它们所面临的最大問题是(有些)动物喜欢以它们为食物,而当它们受到威胁时却不能起身逃跑。
19. C。“must have 过去分词”表示对过去情况的肯定推测。由于“她看上去气色不错”,而且“考试也不难”,所以她一定是通过了考试。
20. D。比较:“could have 过去分词”的意思是“本来可以”“本来应该”“本来能够”;“must have 过去分词”的意思是“一定已经”;“might have 过去分词”的意思是“本来可以”“本来可能”;“should have 过去分词”的意思是“本来应该”。根据句意,显然只有D最佳。
(编辑 陈根花)