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目的:探讨3种采血针在新生儿疾病筛查中的使用效果,寻找更适合的采血针,以提高新生儿疾病筛查血样采集的质量和工作效率,减少采血对新生儿的损伤。方法:将360例需进行筛查的新生儿随机分成A、B、C 3组,分别使用刀片式安全卡锁采血针、笔式弹簧采血针和普通三棱针进行采血,对比一次采血成功率、干血片质量及新生儿采血部位的损伤情况,以及家属和医护对该项操作的满意度。结果:A、B、C 3组采血针采血所需时间分别为(12.6±4.5)min、(27.7±7.4)min、(40.4±5.7)min;一针采血成功率分别是97.5%、84.2%、60.8%;一级血片率分别为95.0%、88.3%、70.0%。A组刀片式安全卡锁采血针采血所需时间,一针采血成功率、干血片质量均优于B、C两组(P<0.05)。B组笔式弹簧采血针和C组普通三棱针均存在针刺伤风险,操作满意度为85.4%和78.1%,低于A组的97.5%(P<0.05)。结论:使用刀片式安全卡锁采血针可提高新生儿疾病筛查采血成功率和血样的质量,减轻对新生儿采血部位的损伤,提高工作效率,降低针刺伤风险,建议推广应用。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of three kinds of lancets in the screening of neonatal diseases and to search for a more suitable lancet to improve the quality and efficiency of blood sampling in neonatal diseases screening, and to reduce the damage of neonatal blood sampling. Methods: 360 newborns to be screened were randomly divided into A, B and C groups. Blood samples were obtained by using a lancet safety card lock lancet, a pen spring lancet and a common triangular needle, respectively, , The quality of dry blood films and neonatal blood sampling site injury, as well as family and medical satisfaction of the operation. Results: The time required for blood sampling in group A, B and C was (12.6 ± 4.5) min, (27.7 ± 7.4) min and (40.4 ± 5.7) min, respectively; the successful rates of one needle blood sampling were 97.5% and 84.2% , 60.8% respectively. The first grade of blood film was 95.0%, 88.3% and 70.0% respectively. A group of blade safety card lock lancet blood collection time, the success rate of a needle blood, dry blood chip quality are better than B, C two groups (P <0.05). There was a risk of needle stick injury in group B spring lancets and group C trigeminal needles. The satisfaction rates of operation were 85.4% and 78.1%, respectively, which were lower than those in group A (97.5%, P <0.05). Conclusion: The use of blade safety card lock lancet can improve the success rate of neonatal screening blood collection and blood quality, reduce damage to neonatal blood collection sites, improve work efficiency and reduce the risk of needle stick injury, it is recommended to promote the application.