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目的了解江西省九江地区2010年与2015年2~10岁入托入学儿童麻疹抗体水平,为探讨阻断麻疹传播策略提供参考。方法于2010年和2015年开展学龄儿童麻疹免疫水平血清流行病学调查,分离血清后采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测抗体。结果 2015年共调查儿童612名,2010年共调查儿童774名,各年龄组麻疹—风疹二联疫苗(MR)、麻疹—腮腺炎—风疹三联疫苗(MMR)接种率均超过95%;城郊儿童麻疹Ig G抗体水平均低于城区,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。2015年的城郊、城区、男童、女童和2岁组儿童的GMT均低于2010年,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。2015年2岁儿童的抗体阳性率为67.4%(95%CI=58.7%~72.3%),低于2010年的78.5%(95%CI=73.8%~83.9%)(χ~2=45.491,P<0.05)。3~6岁组麻疹抗体阳性率较2岁组上升,但随后抗体阳性率出现下降趋势。结论应进一步加强郊区儿童、2岁组儿童麻疹监测,以及儿童入学入托接种证查验工作,预防麻疹在幼儿园和小学的流行。
Objective To understand the level of measles antibody in children from 2 to 10 years old in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province in 2010 and 2015, and to provide a reference for the strategy of blocking the transmission of measles. Methods The serological epidemiological survey of measles immunity in school-age children was carried out in 2010 and 2015. The serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results A total of 612 children were surveyed in 2015 and 774 children were surveyed in 2010. The inoculation rates of measles-rubella (MMR) and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccines in all age groups exceeded 95%. Suburban children Measles IgG antibody levels were lower than the city, the differences were statistically significant (P all <0.05). In 2015, the GMTs of suburbs, urban areas, boys, girls and 2-year-old children were all lower than those of 2010, with statistical significance (P <0.05). The prevalence of antibodies in 2-year-old children in 2015 was 67.4% (95% CI = 58.7% -72.3%), lower than 78.5% (95% CI = 73.8% -83.9%) in 2010 (χ ~ 2 = 45.491, P <0.05). The positive rate of measles antibody in 3 ~ 6 years old group was higher than that in 2 years old group, but then the positive rate of antibody appeared descending trend. Conclusion Surveillance of measles in children in the suburbs, 2-year-old children and inoculation of children’s immunization should be further strengthened to prevent the spread of measles in kindergartens and primary schools.