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一、十年来计划体制改革的基本实践上海的计划体制从“一五”时期形成起到党的十一届三中全会前,除了“一五”前三年体制比较灵活外,基本上是模仿苏联模式的计划经济体制。1958年和1970年在中央集权式计划的弊端暴露比较充分的情况下,对计划体制作了较大的变革。但这两次变革都是在中央集权和地方分权上兜圈子,国家与企业的关系并未得到调整,仍然是一种以行政管理为主、忽视甚至排斥市场作用的管理体制的模式。上海是我国最大的经济中心,也是全民所有制经济比重最大,大中型企业最多,国家指令性计划比重最高,高度集中的产品经济发展最充分的地
I. Basic Practice of Planned System Reform in the Past Ten Years Before the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee was formed in the planning system of Shanghai from the “First Five-Year Plan” period, except for the relatively flexible system in the first three years of the “First Five-Year Plan”, the planned system in Shanghai basically imitated The Soviet model of planned economy. In 1958 and 1970, when the drawbacks of centralized planning were more exposed, the planning system was greatly changed. However, both of these changes are about centralizing power and decentralizing power. The relationship between the state and the enterprise has not been adjusted. It is still a mode of management system that mainly focuses on administration and neglects or even excludes the market. Shanghai is the largest economic center in our country. It is also the area where the economy with the largest share of the ownership by the whole people, the largest number of large and medium-sized enterprises, the highest proportion of state mandatory plans, and the most concentrated product economy